Education Blogging...

     EduBlogging is a fun, exciting and challenging way of expressing and sharing your knowledge about a subject where you have read many books about that certain topic like doing a "Meta - analysis," then afterwards, you formulate paragraphs for the readers or veiwers to start reading and learning about the subject that you, yourself had written on your blog.

     EduBlogging is not as easy at it seems, It'S about reading and retaining all the necessary or important facts about the subject. Understanding what we have written on our blogs is a good signal that our blogs are readable and easy to understand for the readers to learn about the subject.

    EduBlogging should be short and simple which contains all the necessary information about the subject for the readers to not to go to other sources and for THEIR benefits as well.

      In writing one, it should not boring, it should be full of wonderful words like shared experiences by the writer for the viewers can reflect and think about their own experiences that can be related about the subject being discussed.

     EduBlogging had helped me a lot and gave me new ideas and ways in understading the content of books and relating my own experiences about the subject that i want to blog about. Ofcourse, in writing an edublog, the first part is the hardest part of all because you think of many things to put on and only one and single idea stand above the rest and you are having a hard time in choosing what to put in your blog.

      At the end, if you continue on writing blogs, it is easy for you to sort out what are important things to be included in your blog and what are those which are not important to be included in your blog.

I guess that is all I have learned about Education Blogging.

"Thank you Ma'am Virginia Gaces for all the things that you have TAUGHT us." Not only about the subject itself but also, moral teachings for us students to succeed in our lifelong dreams.

"Learning is Retention" :)

TOXICOLOGY

       In the environment, more likely in cities where there are many factories, cars and other transportation vehicles that cause pollution that every people inhale, of course, us people are aware of the pollution but we do not know what its effects is in our body system. Not only pollution that we encounter everyday but also different chemicals, pesticides and also the intake of drugs.

Here is a video showing how the body interacts with the toxins that enters our system. Enjoy watching :)

Note: The video is not complete because it is a 3 video series... Pertain to Youtube for continuation..

Here are the links for the continuation :)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6xjaglwE-M&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Er6ACh9zn7A&feature=relmfu

What is Toxicology?

• Is the study of the harmful effects of chemical and physical agents on living organisms.
• Examines adverse effects ranging from acute to long – term.
• Is used to assess the probability of hazards caused by adverse effects.
• Is used to predict effects on individuals, populations and ecosystems.

In terms of Clinical Toxicology…

• Diagnosis and treatment of poisoning.
• Evaluation of methods of detection and intoxication, mechanism of action in humans and animals.

Interdisciplinary field in Toxicology

Descriptive Toxicology

• The science of toxicity testing to provide information of safety evaluation and regulatory requirements.

Mechanistic Toxicology

•  Identification and understanding cellular, biochemical and molecular basis by which chemicals exert toxic effects

Regulatory Toxicology

•  Determination of risk based on descriptive and mechanistic studies and developing safety regulations.

Xenobiotics...

• Man – made substances.
• Which is a foreign chemical substance metabolize by an organism and release in the environment where it causes different effects.
• Xenobiotics are eliminated from the body through xenobiotic metabolism, in which the xenobiotic is deactivated and secreted away from the body. The liver is typically the primary focus of xenobiotic metabolism, and secretion can occur through urine, feces, breath, and sweat. Hepatic enzymes metabolize xenobiotics.

Routes of Exposure...

• Gastrointestinal
• Respiratory
• Dermal (skin)

*Difference in the absorption of compounds because of physiological differences.

Routes of Elimination...

• Biliary
• Renal
• Fecal
• Respiratory

Sources of Environmental Chemicals...

Air Emissions

• Industrial processes
• Incinerators
• Gasoline and diesel exhaust
• Spraying of agricultural chemicals

Water Discharges

• Industrial effluents
• Sewage effluent

Non – Point Sources

• Surface run – off from roads and agricultural land
• Leachate from dump – sites
• Accidental spills

Household Chemicals

Toxic Agents

Biotoxin

• Poison that comes from plants and animals. (Ex: Abrin, Brevetoxin, Colchicine, etc.)

Golden Arrow Frogs

Blister agents/Vesicants

• Cause severe blister in the eyes, respiratory tract and on skin contact (Ex: Mustards, Phosgene oxime, Lewisites, etc.)

Phosgene oxime

Blood Agents

• Affects the body by the poison being absorbed into the blood (Ex: Arsine, Carbon Monoxide, Cyanide, etc.)

Caustic (Acids)

• Cause burns or corrode skin, eyes, and mucus membranes such as the lining of the nose, mouth, throat, and lungs. (Ex: HCl)

Pulmonary Agents

• Cause severe irritation or sweating of the respiratory tract. (Ex: Ammonia, Bromine, Chlorine, etc.)

Incapacitating Agents

• Drugs that make people unable to think properly which can lead to uncontrollable bleeding. (Ex: 3 – Quinuclidinyl Benzilate, Fentanyls, opiods, etc.)

Opiods

Long – Acting Anticoagulants

• Prevent blood from clotting leading to uncontrollable bleeding. (Ex: Super Warfarin)

Metals

• Metallic poisons. (Ex: Arsenic, Barium, Mercury, etc.)

Mercury

Nerve Agents

•  Prevents the nervous system from working properly. (Ex: Sarin, Soman, Tabun, etc.)

Tabun

Organic Solvents

• Damage the tissues and dissolves fats and oils. (Ex: Benzene)

Benzene

Riot Control Agents/Tear Gas

• Irritating agents. (Bromobenzylcyanide, Chloropicrin, etc.)

Chloropicrin

Toxic Alcohols

•  Damage heart, kidneys and CNS. (Ex: Ethylene glycol)

Ethylene Glycol

Vomiting Agents

• Cause nausea and vomiting. (Ex: Adamsite)

Adamsite

For more information, just click the word Toxic Agents.

References:

http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlistchem-category.asp

Principles of Toxicology: The Study of Poisons. Andrew S. Kane. Environmental Health Program

http://www.iscid.org/encyclopedia/Xenobiotics

nsdl.niscair.res.in/bitstream/.../Xenobiotics.pdf

http://zoology.muohio.edu/oris/ZOO462/notes/03_462.html

http://www.procidis.com/

Video Credit:

http://www.procidis.com/

Photo Credits:

animals.nationalgeographic.com

boatingsidekicks.com

survivaldisasterplan.com

suryafinechem.com

papsyblog.org

sanitarian.net

energyfanatics.com

snipersonlysnipers.eu

webmineral.com

halo.wikia.com

soundimaging.com

crisisofcivilization.com

Introduction to Endocrinology

ENDOCRINOOWHATTTT?????!!!

Photo credit: Google 

Of course, many people do not know what Endocrinology is. Maybe professionals or student like us might have an idea but there are some who does not clearly understand what Endocrinology is all about.

Below is a short video which tackles about the Endocrine system, and why do I feel the need to show this? Because, we could understand what Endocrinology is by knowing its basic contents...

This is an educational video clip which shows how Endocrine system works which is easy to understand.

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKkKOBd0fT0

Video credit: By APPU Series

The ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Photo credit: www.skeptic.com

When we talk about Endocrinology, the one thing that comes in my mind is "HORMONES." Why hormones? It's because the endocrine system's main function is to produce hormones. For more information regarding Hormones and the Endocrine System, you could visit the site:Hormones

What are Hormones? Well, hormones are chemical signals which are produced by the ductless glands: Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Adrenal glands, Hypothalamus, Parathyroid gland, Ovary, Placenta, Testis and are released in our bloodstreams which are then transported to their destinations which are the target cells.


A question popped in my mind, why are they produced? well, I think they are produced to do something ..... and that is to regulate our body's mechanism. They are quite unique because they specifically targets its target tissue to compensate its needs. "Like shooting the bulls - eye in an archery contest."




Another question would be, why do we have to study the Endocrine system? Well, It's because there are different diseases concerning the production of hormones like Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, Conn's syndrome, hypoparathyrodism and many more. For more information about Hormonal disorders you could visit the site: Hormonal disorders

Stimulation and Suppression. These two words are important in Endocrinology because these are two methods we could use to check the levels of our hormones. They both have their own functions which could help in determining or aid in the diagnosis of certain disorders or diseases.

Therefore, Endocrinology is the study of the production of hormones secreted in the bloodstream and transported in their target cells and the diseases associated with the endocrine system.